Hi,
unfortunately we have limited experience of running the plugin on Linux, but the plugin code is quite “normal” and it relies on the ordinary APIs provided by UE4, so it should compile without major issues. BTW the plugin compiles and run on many platforms, included Android that runs a Linux kernel.
The reported problem seems an issue of UBT, before starting the compiling phase.
The “workaround” you mentioned is wrong: setting the plugin Type to Editor means that the plugin will work only inside the editor and will not be available at Runtime (i.e. it will not build with your application). It sounds very strange that it works for you, but if it works… 
Accordingly to the message you reported in the first comment, it seems that the UE Marketplace is not providing pre-compiled versions of the plugins for Linux. If this is true, the only option you have is to manually embed the plugin into your source project. Can you verify if the UE Marketplace created a binary version for your Linux OS?
You can embed a plugin from the UE Marketplace copying the plugin source code downloaded from the UE Marketplace and saving it under <PROJECT>/Plugins/ (as a reference for Stereo Panoramic Player, you must end with the file StereoPanoramicPlayer.uplugin at <PROJECT>/Plugins/StereoPanoramicPlayer/StereoPanoramicPlayer.uplugin).
I don’t know how the Launcher work on Linux and where it saves the file, but under Windows you will find the source code of installe plugins under <UE_ROOT>\Engine\Plugins\Marketplace\.