Check this setting.
Disabling Local Simulation in the groom component (simulation settings) fixed the problem for me.
Now I can use any Temporal Sampling value and the hair behaves consistently.
But keep in mind that I’ve tried every possible way to fix this before, so maybe it works in conjunction with other settings I’ve changed. I’ve tried a bunch of things in the last 2 days. So, unfortunately, I can’t say what else could have influenced the result.