After another attempt I’ve now figured out a configuration that seems to work and ‘solves’ the problem with the triple draw-calls at a distance.
These are (as far as I can see) the important settings in Project Settings -> Engine - Rendering
for having acceptable performance for a Meta Quest 3 APK based on UE 5.5.3:
Enable GPUScene on Mobile
must be off- when this is turned on, there is a slight performance degradation and it causes rendering artifacts at the far right side of the view, especially when turning the camera to the right, as if meshes are unculled a bit too late, so they pop in view
Mobile Ambient Occlusion
must be off- when this is turned on, the number of draw-calls is increased and the performance suffers
Occlusion Culling
must be off- when this is turned on, the number of draw-calls is increased and the performance suffers
In addition, the work-around for Widgets not updating in UE 5.5 was also necessary (not related to draw calls but otherwise menus and other widgets don’t work): Widget Component not redrawing in 5.5.0