What you are describing would probably be best solved with a ‘Material Parameter Collection.’ This is a central parameter list that you can share with any material. This way, you can just change the shared parameter and all the materials will update whether they are an instance or not.
You may also like the new material layer workflow introduced in 4.19, which would makes it possible for you to work with ten materials in one place, and turn 10 draw calls into 1.