I know that Blender can export models that can be placed in a level, but what other programs can be used other than Blender?
I think any that can export to FBX
Blender, Autodesk Maya, Autodesk 3ds max are the most commonly used. I recommend Blender as it is completely free even when used commercially. While Maya and Max I believe are 3000 dollars each (what a rip off). The other is Google SketchUp it is free (I believe) but its UI is a bit odd.
There is an indie friendly version of Maya, called Maya LT. It’s available for $30 a month. More info here: http://www.autodesk.com/products/maya-lt/overview