I was able to figure out how to override UWebBrowser with a higher frame rate:
WebBrowserWidget = SNew(SWebBrowser)
.InitialURL(InitialURL)
.ShowControls(false)
.ShowInitialThrobber(false)
.SupportsTransparency(bSupportsTransparency)
.OnUrlChanged(BIND_UOBJECT_DELEGATE(FOnTextChanged, HandleOnUrlChanged))
.OnBeforePopup(BIND_UOBJECT_DELEGATE(FOnBeforePopupDelegate, HandleOnBeforePopup))
.OnConsoleMessage(BIND_UOBJECT_DELEGATE(FOnConsoleMessageDelegate, HandleOnConsoleMessage))
.BrowserFrameRate(600);
Unfortunately though, the frame rate is still really low. In fact when the browser elements start to move in any way (such as an animation) the frame rate tanks.