A stationary light will only cast shadows on dynamic geometry if dynamic shadows is enabled, because stationary lights only bake their bounced lighting into lightmaps and VLMs, the direct lighting is always calculated in real-time (which is why stationary lightmaps produce specular reflections while static ones do not), with static direct shadows only for static geometry (it’s stored as a mask in the lightmap).
The VLM stores, for each sample point, a small “sphere” containing the lighting values affecting each sample from all directions. It cannot hold the information dynamic objects need to determine if a point is shadowed by a specific stationary light or not.
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