If I set the mass to 100kg, then all the bones separate. You can tell that the ball is too heavy. How can the constraints endure more?
I noticed that it is not the mass, but the constraints Angular limits. If I choose Free, then this chaos happens. When I select Locked, everything looks good again. But only if I have all Capsules set to 100kg. If I set the chain only to 5kg and the ball to 100kg, then all constraints separate.