So what currently seems to work:
Using the nasa image, imported as texture (no mipmap!), I create a material like this
and I tick Two sided and use Shading Model unlit.
I then put a giant sphere mesh around my scene and a apply a material instance and disabled cast shadow.
I don’t know if this is optimal, though.
Also, in order for everything to display correctly, I had to play around quite a bit with the sphere mesh. When I just drag in any sphere from the modeling shapes, the stardome is displayed twice in every hemisphere. When I select the “EditorSphere” as a mesh, everything looks fine. I don’t know what’s the difference between the two.