What I’ve always wanted to try is to just copy the UE folder that has been created by the launcher to another computer, in order to see if it work there.
You would need to install the prerequisites file (should be in the UE folder) and start the unrealeditor.exe from the engine/binaries folder. If this doesn’t work with the launcher version, it should work when you build the editor from Github source.
You still would have to push tons of GB through your network, but you could create a script that is running on each PC locally, pulling the UE folder on demand. About the prerequisites file, not sure if its installation can be automated.