Very strange indeed, because an OS running in a virtualbox will have nearly the same detected hardware to run on, depending on the virtual manager settings.
Perhaps You should try to change some settings of your virtual machine.
This is .vbox file i use for my system, perhaps it could help
Win10_x64.vbox (7.2 KB)
You could create your virtualbox machine for windows 10 and compare your .vbox file with mine to see what could explain what causes the fail