How can i trigger an event dispatcher/custom event with a Widget Blueprint?

Using event dispatchers inside the Widget can help you to move the execution outside of the Widget itself without needing to hold a reference. Inside another BP as long as you have the Widget you can receive the Event Dispatchers execution at any time over any number of functions by subscribing to it where you need it.

As you pointed out it is just one way of handling communication between Widgets and Blueprints.