Higher detail without nanite? (similarly to IdTech 7 geodecals)

Is there a way to achieve higher detail with textures similarly to the way IdTech 7 uses geometry decals? And no I don’t want to use nanite because that would make the assets huge and static.

Would overlapping UV coordinates be comparable to this? Obviously this wouldn’t be a useful technique to use if you are baking texture maps. Are there other reasons why you would want to avoid overlapping UV maps? What about multiple UV sets? Are there any other alternatives?