As seen on this help page, it seems that you can indeed overide the Windows SDK version at configure time. This takes a little bit of knowledge of the build system, but with the following xml file stored in “My Documents/Unreal Engine/UnrealBuildTool/BuildConfiguration.xml” it correctly switched to 10.0.17134.0:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Configuration xmlns="https://www.unrealengine.com/BuildConfiguration">
<WindowsPlatform>
<WindowsSdkVersion>10.0.17134.0</WindowsSdkVersion>
</WindowsPlatform>
</Configuration>
This should probably help other people that also ran into this issue and had no luck with a Google search on how to fix it.