I’m having the exact same issue. My issue started yesterday. I can not any longer get the launcher to open. In reference to your screenshot, I get this in error log:
Assertion failed: IsValid() [File:d:\build\++portal+release-live+compile\sync\engine\source\runtime\core\public\Templates/SharedPointer.h] [Line: 851]
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
EpicGamesLauncher
kernel32
ntdll