I’m trying to wrap my head around proper vector math and how Adding, multiplying, subtracting etc… works with Vectors. Are there any sources where I can go to learn and understand the process better?
Thanks in advance! 
There are plenty of sources on the internet. You can find some Youtube channels explaining it like. e.g. rootmath or Khan Academy. There’s also an official video from Unity developers, though I don’t find it as straightforward for beginners. Mathew Wadstein on the ohter hand teaches it directly applying it on Unreal Engine problems.
Here you can find the most important calculations with vectors.
Hope I was able help you.