Anomalies and the looping effect

Trying to teach myself to create an anomaly game similar to Exit 8 for my class project. Completely new to this so sorry if these are dumb questions. How would I do the looping map effect? I kinda have an idea on the anomalies but if anyone has any tips on that it would be great.

If you guys know any tutorials or stuff you could link me to that would be amazing.