Unreal Error "This project could not be compiled. Would you like to open it in Visual Studio?"

This is the key information in the log file:

This means that you installed a new version but are trying to re-use compile results from an older (or at least different) version.

Did you make sure to re-generate all source files after removing the intermediates?
Re-run GenerateProjectFiles.bat in the root of your unreal engine.