That is budget “work with office” laptop. Would you buy Honda Yaris and try to use it in lumbermill to transport tree logs?
TLDR:
Your laptop thermally throttles, it is weak laptop without load, and it dies with load.
Longer rant (directed at laptop marketing teams, not you 
)
So what you can do:
- get to your supervisor and demand decent DESKTOP PC
- get first or two paychecks and buy such decent DESKTOP PC
What you need to have in DESKTOP PC:
- graphics with 10+ GB of ram, for VFX artist (or technical artist) top of the line cards really 3080, 3090, 4080,4090,5080, 5090
- decent CPU (basically any decent CPU will do here) but not mobile/laptop CPUs!
- ram again more the better 30GB is fine
- one SSD for system and crap (500gb or more as unreal likes to spam stuff on system drive) and one SSD for work projects
- one big HDD for storing backups locally, and all stuff you want to have but not use right now
What you would need for decent LAPTOP
- laptop with non mobile CPU and one of above NON laptop (ie DESKTOP) versions of GPU. Double check that as marketing lies.
- laptop with good cooling and thermals, and this i am afraid is impossible in laptops, we cannot make better chip to push more entropy trough copper, this will not happen. All claims of decent cooling are marketing lies.