A bit more information on this problem (I am running 4.13.2 with the latest Windows 10 update):
If I have the editor set to full screen on my 1920 x 1080 monitor, none of the menus show up at all.
If I resize the editor window smaller a bit at a time, I can eventually get some of the menus (all but the File menu, typically) to show up, although not every time. If they do show, there is generally a bit of a delay.
If I resize the window down to about 2/3 height and width, they all show up just fine, without having changed any other windows settings.
EDIT: Alas, this does not appear to be consistent behavior, either. Today, nothing is working to recover the menus. I do notice that when I try to open a menu and fail, I am getting a strange highlight on the title bar of the editor window, however. Odd.