How to create a photography camera? (How to convert render target to a texture?)

If you want In Game Screenshots then you should try High Res Screenshot, it is standard Practice for that Purpose.
Here is additional Post and Forum Topic which can help your doubts for High Res Screenshot with Custom Directory

If you want to Bake Texture or something Similar then Render Target will be Best for that.
You can do that with Editor Utility Widget (But it won’t work on Packaged/Shipping Game).