Problem 1:
Reproduced, investigated, and fixed. CL# 2559168 resolves the issues. A project file path with a space in causes issues because it wasn’t wrapped in quotation marks - this changelist makes the project file path get passed after being wrapped in quotation marks.
Problem 2:
I think the source of this problem was the same, even though you circumvented it with a symbolic link, initially. It says it tried to load a file named as such:
../../../../../../UnrealProjects/Languages/Config/Localization/Game_Compile.ini" -installedengine
Note how the file name has a quotation mark in it and includes the flag -installedengine. It looks to me like something went wrong with parsing the commandline arguments. Probably because of the space in the project file path. This problem should be resolved too, using that same changelist from problem 1, I suspect.