The word “possible” is too broad. If you can code in C++, it should be fairly easy to setup a mic capture stream on a synth component, feed that through a source effect chain.
As for it being a done feature out of the box, not yet!
For media player, the media framework is getting overhauled. I believe the programmer working on that is planning on using a synth component for the backend. If he does it that way, it’ll be easy to add whatever source effects you want on the media source.