thank you fpr your response. I wish it would be so easy. I already checked tesselation settings for Unreal Engine and Global Settings. I changed these settings from AMD Optimized to application controlled, even disabled the profile for Unreal Engine. Nothing changed. I rechecked your hint that settings in UE4 are Epic, They are all on Epic.
Updated to UE 4.24.3, tesselation worked again. Seems to be a bug in UE 4.24.1. Sometimes it is not good to update immediately, sometimes an update fixes some bugs. Strange.