Again, yes and no. Not even path-tracers necessarily have caustics (due to the expense), and ray-tracing is just a mathematical operation at its’ core, not an algorithm per-se. Caustics are very hard to do because they break some of the assumptions that let real-time RT work efficiently in a scene: translucency means performing refraction calculation, so the light could bounce around a lot before leaving a surface, very expensive in a paradigm where even a single bounce of GI is very expensive.
Furthermore, caustics mean tracing rays from a diffuse surface, through a refracting/absorbing specular media, and to a light source. It’s extremely expensive to do, and a great deal of work has gone into making them renderable even on offline machines.
NVRTX has real-time caustics rendering, which I’ve tested out and reviewed. It is very technically impressive but rather finicky, which may have changed in newer updates.
No matter what, I don’t think any feature of real-time RT should be taken for granted, but especially not caustics given their complexity. Support is doubtless on the way, but it will take time.