Is Lumen more performance heavy than old dynamic lightning or less?

Well yea. You have to code your own render targets system too, but the perfoemance gets to 224 fps at 4k on a near empty scene (3090).

Epic has been letting the performance ball drop for years.

(Physics) Chaos - 70% or much more less perfomant than PhysX.

Rendering - 20% fps drop between versions with no explanations or fixes.
Plus, they insist that lowering your resolution is a solution to the pefromance problem; this is quite obviously beyond the realm of stupidity and delves into the realm of really having no clue about your job.

Theres many other things ue4 or 5 can’t do and have to be hand coded too.
And there are things coded in the engine, wich are so badly coded they need to be rewritten.

Theres things you have to do manually like tick aggregation that other engines do for you, etc.

In the past, picking unreal meant choosing to have a better looking scene.
Today, it means being barely able to reach 60fps at 4k without a major visual difference…