Enemy Weakpoints For a Third Person Shooter

Actors (or components) attatched to a socket seems reasonable.
The line trace will tell you the hit actor and hit component if you do “break hit result.”
You can then either implement some particular interface on the actor/component, or you can try casting to particular classes. Or you can override “apply damage” for those actors to multiply by some value and forwarding “apply damage” to the parent object.