I just updated my code in the question and yes it is a pointer.
But what I found out now is that ApplyDamage() wasnt the reason for my Crash.
The reason are these two lines:
AEnemyActor EActorObject;
AEnemyActor *EActor = &EActorObject;
I commented them out and my code worked fine.
Now I dont know, if I have to define EActorObject somewhere else?